Elk Vs Moose: A Guide to 5 Key Differences

Elk Vs Moose, both belonging to the deer family, are often confused with each other due to their similarities, such as being herbivores, large in size, brown in color, and having large antlers. However, it is possible to differentiate between the two. By understanding the key differences, it becomes easier to tell them apart.

To begin with, one species is larger than the other. They also have distinct antlers and noses. One is a skilled swimmer who can stay underwater while diving and has unique predators. Their hoofprints are also different, allowing for identification even when the animals are not visible. Join us as we delve into all the differences between moose and elk.

Elk Vs Moose: Are You Confused Between Elk and Moose?

Differentiating Moose from Elk

Moose and Elk, both members of the deer family, are large and distinct creatures. Moose are the largest in the deer family, with four recognized subspecies, while Elk have six subspecies in North America and four in Asia. In addition to their differences in appearance, there are several other noticeable differences between these two species.

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Location: Moose can be found in Western North America and Central and East Asia, while Elk are widespread across North America

Size: Moose has a height of 4 to 5 feet at the shoulder and weigh between 485 to 730 pounds, while Elk have a height of 5 to 7 feet at the shoulder and weigh 840 to 1,550 pounds.

Habitat: Moose occupy forests, forest edges, and meadows, while Elk are commonly found near rivers and lakes with abundant aquatic vegetation.

Color: Moose have a golden brown color, while Elk have a dark brown or black color.

Nose: Moose have a narrow deer-like nose with typical nostrils, while Elk have a large, rounded, muzzy nose with distinctive fatty pads over the nostrils.

Throat: Moose do not have a dewlap, while Elk have a large dewlap.

Antlers: Moose have thinner and pointed antlers, resembling those of a deer, reaching around 4 feet, while Elk have broad and flat antlers with an open, wide shape and can be more than 6 feet long.

Behavior: Moose tend to flee quickly, while Elk tend to walk away slowly and calmly.

Social Structure: Moose are herd animals, while Elk are solitary animals.

Tracks: Moose have tooth-shaped tracks, while Elk have heart-shaped tracks.

Predators: Moose and Elk are preyed upon by wolves, coyotes, brown bears, black bears, mountain lions, and Siberian tigers. Elk are also preyed upon by killer whales and Greenland sharks.

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Distinguishing Moose and Elk: A Look at 5 Key Differences

Moose are generally larger compared to elks. Moreover, the antlers of both species differ greatly, with elk antlers being more pointed and moose antlers being broad and flat. Another distinctive feature between the two is their tracks, as elk leave tooth-shaped imprints while moose leaves heart-shaped tracks.

Let’s delve deeper into these unique differences.

Comparing the Size of Moose and Elk

One of the most prominent distinctions between moose and elk is their size. Moose tend to be significantly larger in height and weight compared to elk. A mature moose typically stands between 5 to 7 feet at the shoulder and weighs anywhere from 840 to 1,550 pounds. Meanwhile, elk have a shoulder height of 4 to 5 feet and a weight of 485 to 730 pounds.

Antlers: A Distinguishing Feature between Moose and Elk

The antlers of moose and elk are distinct from each other. Elk antlers are thin and pointed, resembling those of a deer, with lengths reaching about 4 feet. The antlers of male elk are shed each spring as their testosterone levels drop, and they regrow almost immediately.

On the other hand, moose have larger antlers that can grow over 6 feet long, with an open and broad shape with flat beams. Moose shed their antlers annually in winter and regrow them within 3 to 5 months.

Their age and diet influence the size and growth rate of moose antlers, and good symmetry of antlers signifies good health, although it usually decreases after 13 years. The main beam’s diameter is used to determine the moose’s age instead of the number of times.

Distinctive Nose Shape: A Differentiating Factor between Moose and Elk

The difference between elk vs moose’s noses is significant. Elk have a deer-like, slender nose, while moose possess a large, rounded nose with a broad and long muzzle featuring distinctive fatty pads over the nostrils. These pads play a crucial role, as they can close moose’s nostrils underwater to help them swim. Moose are skilled swimmers, capable of diving up to 20 feet to reach aquatic plants at the bottom of lakes.

Differentiating Moose and Elk: Throat Structure

One distinct feature that sets moose apart from elk is the dewlap. Moose have a large flap of skin hanging under their throat, while elk do not. The purpose of this feature remains unknown, but it has been suggested to serve as a cooling mechanism or to regulate body temperature.

Moose vs Elk: Tracks

Tracks of moose and elk can differ greatly. The elk tracks have a tooth-like shape and are less visible on the ground or in snow, whereas moose tracks are deeper and heart-shaped due to their larger size and weight. Moose are usually solitary, so their tracks indicate the presence of one animal unless it is the mating season. On the other hand, elk live in herds, so their tracks often show the presence of multiple animals.

Hunting Moose and Elk: Differences and Considerations

Confusing Moose with Elk can lead to fatal consequences for the latter species. Hunting Moose is also not advisable, as they tend not to be wary of human presence. Every year, hunting incidents result in over a dozen Moose fatalities, and the hunters are fined heavily and may even face license revocation.

Despite inhabiting similar forested regions, Moose typically reside near streams and watering holes. This, combined with their nonchalance towards humans, makes them easier targets for hunters.

Final Thoughts

Elk vs moose are magnificent creatures with many differences in their physical features and behaviors. From their size and antlers to their noses and tracks, each species has its own unique characteristics that set it apart. Knowing the difference between the two is important, especially for hunters who may accidentally kill a protected moose.

Both elk and moose are important parts of the ecosystem and play a crucial role in their respective habitats. Whether you are a hunter, a wildlife enthusiast, or a nature lover, appreciating the differences between elk vs moose can help deepen your understanding and appreciation of these magnificent creatures.

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Jamie Leavy

Head Writer at Fellowhunting

Jamie, an experienced individual with over ten years of involvement in the outdoor industry, possesses extensive knowledge about hunting gear and techniques. His particular area of expertise lies in evaluating hunting equipment, with a specific emphasis on archery. As a skilled archer, Jamie finds great pleasure in immersing himself in the outdoors, refining his abilities, and embracing the natural wonders of the surrounding environment. Beyond his professional responsibilities as a writer, he harbors a genuine passion for hunting and the wilderness, which he further expresses through activities such as camping, hiking, and venturing into unexplored territories. Thanks to his profound understanding and profound admiration for the sport, Jamie has earned the trust of the hunting community as a dependable authority. He remains steadfast in his commitment to imparting his knowledge and expertise to others.

Elk Vs Moose: A Guide to 5 Key Differences

Elk Vs Moose: Are You Confused Between Elk and Moose?

Differentiating Moose from Elk